What is Neuroplasticity and how Does Neuromodulation Help?
In recent years, at Fundación FIVAN we have explained to many patients and families what neuroplasticity consists of and what non-invasive neuromodulation techniques, such as electrical stimulation or transcranial magnetic stimulation, can contribute to the improvement of cognitive, physical or behavioral alterations.
Warnings about the Use of Transcranial Stimulation
In 016, the American Academy of Neurology published an editorial alerting about known risks and possible non-evident effects associated with transcranial electrical stimulation (tDCS). Although it can improve brain function, small variations in parameters such as current, time or electrode placement can produce unexpected effects.
Today there are numerous commercial devices that promise to improve cognitive or athletic performance through brain stimulation. Some can even be made at home by following internet tutorials. However, these products can have more profound effects than it seems, and do not always have the necessary safety requirements.
The devices used must have CE marking (in the EU) and be authorized as Class IIa medical devices. They should only be used in accredited health centers and with medical supervision, since this is an intervention that modifies brain activity.
The brain acts as an interconnected system. Stimulating one area can have effects on others. Therefore, improving certain cognitive functions can negatively affect others, and the result depends on the balance between brain networks.
The effects of tDCS vary greatly between people. Factors such as age, sex, medications, neurological disorders, brain structure, or previous experiences with stimulation can alter—or even reverse—the desired effect. Special caution is required in children.
Key Recommendations before Starting Treatment
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Perform a prior EEG, with assessment by a neurophysiology physician, under the direction of a neurologist or pediatric neurologist.
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Use approved medical devices, with CE marking, in health centers.
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The application must be carried out by qualified personnel, with well-adjusted parameters and correct placement of electrodes.
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Whenever possible, combine tDCS with active rehabilitation sessions during stimulation.
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tDCS must be managed by a professional who adapts the treatment according to the patient’s progress.
Conclusion
We hope you find all this information useful. If you have questions about tDCS or are considering its use, always consult with a specialized medical team.
